The Christmas Truce
by David G. Stratman
It was December 25, 1914, only 5 months into World War
I. German, British, and French soldiers, already sick and tired of the
senseless killing, disobeyed their superiors and fraternized with "the
enemy" along two-thirds of the Western Front (a crime punishable by death
in times of war). German troops held Christmas trees up out of the trenches
with signs, "Merry Christmas."
"You no shoot, we no shoot." Thousands of
troops streamed across a no-man's land strewn with rotting corpses. They sang
Christmas carols, exchanged photographs of loved ones back home, shared
rations, played football, even roasted some pigs. Soldiers embraced men they had been trying to kill
a few short hours before. They agreed to warn each other if the top brass
forced them to fire their weapons, and to aim high.
A shudder ran through the high command on either side.
Here was disaster in the making: soldiers declaring their brotherhood with each
other and refusing to fight. Generals on both sides declared this spontaneous
peacemaking to be treasonous and subject to court martial. By March 1915 the
fraternization movement had been eradicated and the killing machine put back in
full operation. By the time of the armistice in 1918, fifteen million would be
slaughtered.
Not many people have heard the story of the Christmas
Truce. On Christmas Day, 1988,
a story in the Boston
Globe mentioned that a local
FM radio host played "Christmas in the Trenches," a ballad about the
Christmas Truce, several times and was startled by the effect. The song became the most requested recording during
the holidays in Boston
on several FM stations. "Even
more startling than the number of requests I get is the reaction to the ballad
afterward by callers who hadn't heard it before," said the radio host.
"They telephone me deeply moved, sometimes in tears, asking, 'What the
hell did I just hear?' "
You can probably guess why the callers were in tears.
The Christmas Truce story goes against most of what we have been taught about
people. It gives us a glimpse of the world as we wish it could be and says,
"This really happened once." It reminds us of those thoughts we keep
hidden away, out of range of the TV and newspaper stories that tell us how
trivial and mean human life is. It is like hearing that our deepest wishes
really are true: the world really could be different.
The Christmas
Truce
song:
Words & Music by John McCutcheon, c.
1984
This song is based on a true story from the front lines of World War I that
I've heard many times. Ian Calhoun, a Scot, was the commanding officer of the
British forces involved in the story. He was subsequently court-martialed for
'consorting with the enemy' and sentenced to death. Only George V spared him
from that fate. -- John McCutcheon
My
name is Francis Toliver, I come from Liverpool .
Two years ago the war was waiting for me after school.
ToBelgium and to Flanders,
to Germany
to here,
I fought for King and country I love dear.
Two years ago the war was waiting for me after school.
To
I fought for King and country I love dear.
'Twas
Christmas in the trenches, where the frost so bitter hung.
The frozen fields ofFrance
were still, no Christmas song was sung.
Our families back inEngland
were toasting us that day,
Their brave and glorious lads so far away.
The frozen fields of
Our families back in
Their brave and glorious lads so far away.
I
was lying with my messmate on the cold and rocky ground,
When across the lines of battle came a most peculiar sound.
Says I, "Now listen up, me boys!" each soldier strained to hear,
As one young German voice sang out so clear.
When across the lines of battle came a most peculiar sound.
Says I, "Now listen up, me boys!" each soldier strained to hear,
As one young German voice sang out so clear.
"He's
singing bloody well, you know!" my partner says to me.
Soon, one by one, each German voice joined in harmony.
The cannons rested silent, the gas clouds rolled no more,
As Christmas brought us respite from the war.
Soon, one by one, each German voice joined in harmony.
The cannons rested silent, the gas clouds rolled no more,
As Christmas brought us respite from the war.
As
soon as they were finished and a reverent pause was spent,
"God Rest Ye Merry, Gentlemen" struck up some lads fromKent .
The next they sang was "Stille Nacht," "'Tis 'Silent Night,'" says I,
And in two tongues one song filled up that sky.
"God Rest Ye Merry, Gentlemen" struck up some lads from
The next they sang was "Stille Nacht," "'Tis 'Silent Night,'" says I,
And in two tongues one song filled up that sky.
"There's
someone coming towards us!" the front line sentry cried.
All sights were fixed on one lone figure trudging from their side.
His truce flag, like a Christmas star, shone on that plain so bright,
As he bravely strode unarmed into the night.
All sights were fixed on one lone figure trudging from their side.
His truce flag, like a Christmas star, shone on that plain so bright,
As he bravely strode unarmed into the night.
Then
one by one on either side walked into No Man's Land,
With neither gun nor bayonet we met there hand to hand.
We shared some secret brandy and wished each other well,
And in a flare lit soccer game we gave 'em hell.
With neither gun nor bayonet we met there hand to hand.
We shared some secret brandy and wished each other well,
And in a flare lit soccer game we gave 'em hell.
We
traded chocolates, cigarettes, and photographs from home.
These sons and fathers far away from families of their own.
Young Sanders played his squeezebox and they had a violin,
This curious and unlikely band of men.
These sons and fathers far away from families of their own.
Young Sanders played his squeezebox and they had a violin,
This curious and unlikely band of men.
Soon
daylight stole upon us and France
was France
once more.
With sad farewells we each began to settle back to war.
But the question haunted every heart that lived that wondrous night:
"Whose family have I fixed within my sights?"
With sad farewells we each began to settle back to war.
But the question haunted every heart that lived that wondrous night:
"Whose family have I fixed within my sights?"
'Twas
Christmas in the trenches where the frost so bitter hung.
The frozen fields ofFrance
were warmed as songs of peace were sung.
For the walls they'd kept between us to exact the work of war,
Had been crumbled and were gone forevermore.
The frozen fields of
For the walls they'd kept between us to exact the work of war,
Had been crumbled and were gone forevermore.
My
name is Francis Toliver, in Liverpool I dwell,
Each Christmas come since World War I, I've learned its lessons well,
That the ones who call the shots won't be among the dead and lame,
And on each end of the rifle we're the same.
Each Christmas come since World War I, I've learned its lessons well,
That the ones who call the shots won't be among the dead and lame,
And on each end of the rifle we're the same.
(sourse: http://www.wanttoknow.info/i/christmas-stories/inspirational-christmas-story)
Last survivor of 'Christmas truce' tells of
his sorrow
The First World War's
horrors still move us but one man recalls his moment of peace amid the
bloodshed
The words drifted across the frozen battlefield: 'Stille Nacht. Heilige
Nacht. Alles Schlaft, einsam wacht'. To the ears of the British troops peering
over their trench, the lyrics may have been unfamiliar but the haunting tune
was unmistakable. After the last note a lone German infantryman appeared
holding a small tree glowing with light. 'Merry Christmas. We not shoot, you
not shoot.'
It was
just after dawn on a bitingly cold Christmas Day in
1914, 90 years ago on Saturday, and one of the most extraordinary incidents of
the Great War was about to unfold.
Weary
men climbed hesitantly at first out of trenches and stumbled into no man's
land. They shook hands, sang carols, lit each other's cigarettes, swapped tunic
buttons and addresses and, most famously, played football, kicking around empty
bully-beef cans and using their caps or steel helmets as goalposts. The
unauthorised Christmas truce spread across much of the 500-mile Western Front
where more than a million men were encamped.
According
to records held by the World War One Veterans' Association, there is only one
man in the world still alive who spent 25 December 1914 serving in a conflict
that left 31 million people dead, wounded or missing.
Alfred
Anderson was 18 at the time. Speaking to The Observer, Anderson has revealed remarkable new details
of the day etched on history, including pictures of Christmas gifts sent to the
troops.
His
unit, the 5th Battalion The Black Watch, was one of the first involved in
trench warfare. He had left his home in Newtyle, Angus, in October, taking the
train from Dundee to Southampton, then a ferry to Le Havre .
He was
happy, healthy and surrounded by most of his former school friends, who had all
joined the Territorial Army together in 1912. In October 1914 they
thought that they were at the start of an exciting adventure. But by the first
Christmas of the war they had already experienced its horror and the death of
young friends was commonplace.
On 24
and 25 December, Anderson 's
unit was billeted in a dilapidated farmhouse, away from the front line, so he
did not participate in any football matches. 'We didn't have the energy,
anyway,' he said. But he can still recall vividly what happened on Christmas
Day 1914.
'I
remember the silence, the eerie sound of silence,' he said. 'Only the guards
were on duty. We all went outside the farm buildings and just stood listening.
And, of course, thinking of people back home. All I'd heard for two months in
the trenches was the hissing, cracking and whining of bullets in flight,
machinegun fire and distant German voices.
'But
there was a dead silence that morning, right across the land as far as you
could see. We shouted "Merry Christmas", even though nobody felt
merry. The silence ended early in the afternoon and the killing started again.
It was a short peace in a terrible war.'
In
some parts of the front, the ceasefire lasted several weeks. There are also
numerous trench yarns, some possibly apocryphal, about the impromptu
fraternising. One, detailed in Michael Jurgs's book The Small Peace in the Big
War, involved a young private who was led to a tent behind German lines by an
aristocratic officer and plied with Veuve Clicquot. In another tale, a barber
supposedly set up shop in no man's land, offering a trim to troops from either
side.
Now
aged 108 and living alone in Alyth, Perthshire, Anderson still treasures the gift package
sent to every soldier a few days before the first Christmas of the war from the
Princess Royal. The brass box, which is embossed with a profile of Princess
Mary, was filled with cigarettes.
It
also contained a cream card, with 1914 on the front, which says: 'With best
wishes for a happy Christmas and a victorious New Year, from the Princess Mary
and friends at home.'
'I'd
no use for the cigarettes so I gave them to my friends,' he said. 'A lot of the
lads thought the box was worth nothing, but I said someone's bound to have put
a lot of thought into it. Some of the boys had Christmas presents from home
anyway, but mine didn't arrive on time.'
To his
delight, he discovered that his most treasured possession - a New Testament
given to him by his mother before he left for France and inscribed with the
message: 'September 5, 1914. Alfred Anderson. A Present from Mother' - fitted
the box perfectly.
He
kept both in his breast pocket until 1916 when a shell exploded over a
listening post in no man's land killing several of his friends and seriously
injuring him.
'This
is all I brought home from the war,' he said, showing the box and Bible, but
forgetting about his beret with its famous red hackle, which is the first thing
you see when you step into his home.
There
are still many aspects of the war that Anderson
finds difficult to talk about. 'I saw so much horror,' he said, shaking his
head and gazing into the middle distance. 'I lost so many friends.'
He
recalled one incident that gave him a 'sore heart'. When he was first home on
leave, he visited the family of a dead friend to express his condolences. He
knew them well but soon realised that he was getting a frosty reception. 'I
asked if they were going to ask me in and they said no. When I asked why, they
just said, "Because you're here and he's not". That was awful. He's
one of the lads I miss most.'
Two
years ago Prince Charles paid him a private visit after learning that he had
served briefly as batman to the Queen Mother's brother, Captain Fergus
Bowes-Lyon, who, along with hundreds of Mr Anderson's regimental colleagues,
was killed at the Battle of Loos in 1915.
The
seemingly invincible Anderson, who was awarded France's highest honour - the
Légion d'Honneur - in 1998 for his services during the First World War, was
recently in the rare position of witnessing one of his six children's golden
wedding anniversaries. His children, he said, five of whom are still alive, are
what keeps him going.
Alfred
Anderson has spent 90 years trying to forget the war. But it has been
impossible. So on Saturday he will look back. 'I'll give Christmas Day 1914 a brief thought, as I
do every year. And I'll think about all my friends who never made it home. But
it's too sad to think too much about it. Far too sad,' he said, his head bowed
and his eyes filled with tears.
(http://www.theguardian.com/uk/2004/dec/19/christmas.lornamartin)
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